Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) specialists and other experts agree that leg pain, especially severe leg pain, is concerning and requires immediate medical attention. Although some leg pains remain mysteries that are never solved, care should be taken, especially when the pain is felt suddenly and intensely.
The Mayo Clinic defines leg pain as pain that originates somewhere between the pelvis and the heels. However, it can actually come from other places, such as injuries or trauma affecting the spine or back, even though the pain is felt in the legs. The pain can take the form of shooting, tingling, sharp, dull, or aching. It can develop over time, come all at once, or be localized. The most severe symptoms can be debilitating and affect a person’s ability to walk, put weight on their legs, or feel stable. Although some leg pain may just be a nuisance, it can sometimes be a sign of something more serious and even life-threatening.
There are many causes of leg pain, some obvious and some less so. It can come from trauma, fractures, inflammation of tissues or structures in the legs, or compartment syndrome, a condition that occurs when the blood supply to a section or compartment of the leg is cut off, causing severe pain and the inability to move the foot or ankle. Severe leg pain can also be caused by blood clots, poorly controlled diabetes, and other chronic diseases, such as cancer, alcoholism, and vitamin deficiencies. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), muscle injuries, and skin abnormalities can also be causes.
Most people seek medical help after an injury or when pain begins to interfere with daily life. However, in certain cases, medical attention should be sought immediately. This is especially the case when the leg is hot and swollen or if the leg is pale and cold. Or, if the pain is accompanied by episodes of muscle weakness, falls, or changes in bowel or bladder function. Children who develop leg pain and begin to limp or develop a fever should be seen by a doctor immediately.
Evaluation of severe leg pain should always begin with a physical exam or visit with a CRPS pain specialist to assess what may be causing the pain. X-rays, ultrasound, and other tests, such as blood tests, an MRI, or a CT scan, may be needed to determine a diagnosis. Treatment will depend on the diagnosis and should focus on both pain control and management of the underlying problem.
Some cases of severe leg pain can be prevented, such as maintaining an optimal weight, avoiding being too sedentary, and exercising regularly are just some of the preventative measures that can be taken. For those with chronic symptoms, advances in pain management occur routinely, and relief may be in the offing. It is crucial to talk with your care provider or contact a CRPS specialist to discuss some options.